Infographic

Phosphate rock in numbers

Phosphate rock (P2O5) drawn as one poster: 250 Mt of world mine production in 2025, China the largest producer, 2 critical mineral lists. Scroll to draw it, then download it as SVG or PNG.

PROSPECTOR TRAILS · INFOGRAPHIC · DATA YEAR 2025Phosphate rockP2O5Fertiliser mineral · symbol P2O5Phosphate rock is the source of phosphorus fertiliser and of purified phosphoric acid for LFPbatteries.WORLD MINE PRODUCTION 2025250 Mtphosphate rock (as reported). USGS Mineral CommoditySummaries.TOP PRODUCER: CHINA44%110 Mt of the world total in 2025.WORLD RESERVES 202573 GtLargest in Morocco (50 Gt). phosphate rock (as reported).CRITICAL MINERAL LISTS2Current government critical or strategic lists namingphosphate rock, across 2 jurisdictions.TOP 3 PRODUCERS66%US NET IMPORT RELIANCE 202516%PRICE 2025152 $/mtTOP PRODUCERS 2025Where phosphate rock comes fromChina110 Mt44%Morocco36 Mt14%United States20 Mt8.0%Russia14 Mt5.6%Jordan12 Mt4.8%Saudi Arabia10 Mt4.0%Egypt5.5 Mt2.2%Brazil5.0 Mt2.0%Peru4.8 Mt1.9%Tunisia3.3 Mt1.3%Mine production, phosphate rock (as reported). Source: USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, estimates.Output was about 250 Mt in 2025: China 110 Mt, Morocco 36 Mt, the US 20 Mt. Morocco holds about 50of 73 Gt of world reserves.1900–2022A century of phosphate rock production0.00 t75 Mt150 Mt225 Mt300 Mt190019171935195219701987200520222022: 228 Mt1900: 3.1 MtWorld production, USGS column 'World production'. Source: USGS Data Series 140, historical statistics.PRODUCING COUNTRIES24 countries reported phosphate rock output in 2025Filled countries produce it; brighter is larger. Outline map simplified from Natural Earth.TRADE FLOWS 2024Biggest phosphate rock trade routesMorocco → Pakistan$1.1 bnJordan → India$619 mSenegal → India$453 mMorocco → India$423 mChina → India$184 mHS 280920: Phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acids. World trade $6.2 bn in 2024. Source: CEPII BACI (HS22).POLICYOn the critical listsUnited States (USGS): critical 2025European Union: critical 2024prospectortrails.comSources: USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries, CEPII BACI, IEA (CC BY 4.0), World Bank,government lists. Figures rounded.PROSPECTOR TRAILSOpen data, drawn in numbers
Phosphate rock infographic: world production, top producers, reserves, a century of output, producing countries on a map, trade routes, critical lists. Data year 2025.

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The numbers

The figures on the poster, with their sources. Production and reserves are USGS estimates, trade values are CEPII BACI customs data, demand is the IEA's outlook.

World mine production, 2025
250 Mt (phosphate rock (as reported)) USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026
Largest producer
China, 110 Mt (44% of world) USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026
Top three producers' share
66% USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026
World reserves, 2025
73 Gt (phosphate rock (as reported)), largest in Morocco USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026
Critical mineral lists
2 current lists in 2 jurisdictions (European Union, United States) government critical mineral lists
US net import reliance, 2025
16% USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026
Price, 2025
152 $/mt (Phosphate rock (nominal USD; Phosphate rock, f.o.b. North Africa)) World Bank Pink Sheet
World production, 1900
3.1 Mt (USGS historical series, as reported) USGS Data Series 140 (historical statistics)
World production, 2022 (historical series)
228 Mt USGS Data Series 140 (historical statistics)
Largest trade flow, 2024
Morocco → Pakistan, $1.1 bn (HS 280920, Phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acids); world trade $6.2 bn CEPII BACI trade database

Sources

USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 · USGS Data Series 140 (historical statistics) · CEPII BACI trade database · government critical mineral lists. Figures are rounded; country names follow our atlas.

Read more

Phosphate rock storyWhere phosphate rock is minedCritical mineral listsAll infographics